Support for Nutrient Claims made throughout resource as follows:
- Nutrient values from Health Canada, Canadian Nutrient File, 2015:
– Food code 6172: beef, composite cuts, steak/roast, lean and fat, cooked
– Food code 3377: black beans, cooked
- Beef (100g cooked): 250 Calories, 35g Protein (Excellent Source), 10g Fat, 0g Carbohydrate, 55mg Sodium, 4.5g Saturated Fat, 0.4g Trans Fat, 0.5g Polyunsaturated Fat, 5g Monounsaturated Fat
- Beef is an excellent source of Zinc (77% DV), Vitamin B12 (102% DV)
- Beef is a good source of Iron (19% DV)
- Beef is a complete protein, like all meat. A complete protein is one that contains all essential amino acids
- % Daily Values calculated based on Health Canada’s 2016 Nutrition Labelling – Table of Daily Values
- Nutrient amounts have been rounded according to the rounding rules in the 2016 CFIA labelling regulations
- Portion sizes from: https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/technical-documents-labelling-requirements/table-reference-amounts-food/nutrition-labelling.html
Beal T and Ortenzi F. Priority micronutrient density in foods. Front Nutr 2022;9:806566.
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Agri-Food Analytics Lab Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University. Canada’s Food Price Report 2021. https://www.dal.ca/sites/agri-food/research/canada-s-food-price-report-2021.html
Canada Beef. 2022. Ground Beef Toolkit. Section 1.5. https://online.fliphtml5.com/pwrqb/bmiz/#p=63
FAO. 2023. Contribution of terrestrial animal source food to healthy diets for improved nutrition and health outcomes – An evidence and policy overview on the state of knowledge and gaps. Rome, FAO.
FAO makes case for meat, eggs and milk as ‘essential source of nutrients’ | UN News. 2023. https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/04/1135972
The Dublin Declaration of Scientists on the Societal Role of Livestock, Animal Frontiers, Volume 13, Issue 2, April 2023, Page 10.
Nutrition: Osteoporosis Canada. 2023. https://osteoporosis.ca/nutrition/
WHO. 2023. Guideline for complementary feeding of infants and young children 6–23 months of age. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/373358/9789240081864-eng.pdf?sequence=1
Chen TT, Chen CY, Fang CP, Cheng YC, Lin YF. Causal influence of dietary habits on the risk of major depressive disorder: A diet-wide Mendelian randomization analysis. J Affect Disord. 2022 Dec 15;319:482-489.
Johnston BC et al. Unprocessed red meat and processed meat consumption: dietary guideline recommendations from the Nutritional Recommendations (NutriRECS) Consortium. Ann Intern Med 2019;171:756-764
You W, Henneberg R, Saniotis A, Ge Y, and Henneberg M. Total meat intake is associated with life expectancy: A cross-sectional data analysis of 175 contemporary populations. Int J Gen Med 2022;15:1833-1851.
Chang VC, Cotterchio M, Kotsopoulos J, Bondy SJ. Iron Status and Associated Factors among Canadian Women: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey. J Nutr. 2023 Mar;153(3):781-797.
Tomás Meroño, Raúl Zamora-Ros, Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona, Montserrat Rabassa, Stefania Bandinelli, Luigi Ferrucci, Massimiliano Fedecostante, Antonio Cherubini, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, Animal Protein Intake Is Inversely Associated With Mortality in Older Adults: The InCHIANTI Study, The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Volume 77, Issue 9, September 2022, Pages 1866–1872.
Elango R, Humayun MA, Ball RO, Pencharz PB. Evidence that protein requirements have been significantly underestimated. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Jan;13(1):52-7.
Ahmed M, Praneet Ng A, and L’Abbe MR. Nutrient intakes of Canadian adults: results from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)-2015 Public Use Microdata File. Am J Clin Nutr 2021;114(3):1131-1140.
Canada Beef. 2023. Nutrient-dense beef contains key nutrients that many Canadians need more of in their diets. ThinkBeef.ca. https://thinkbeef.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Nutrients-of-Concern-Study-Summary_22.pdf
Statistics Canada. 2018. Customized analysis of 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey – Nutrition data.
Polsky JY et al. 2020. Consumption of ultra-processed foods in Canada. Statistics Canada health reports.
Chen X et al. Consumption of ultra processed foods and health outcomes: A systematic review of epidemiological studies. Nutr J 2020;19(1):86.
Fabek H, Sanchez-Hernandez D, Ahmed M, Marinangeli CPF, House JD, Anderson GH. An examination of contributions of animal- and plant-based dietary patterns on the nutrient quality of diets of adult Canadians. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2021 Aug;46(8):877-886.
Government of Canada. (2014). Nutrition for healthy term infants: Recommendations from birth to six months. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/canada-food-guide/resources/nutrition-healthy-term-infants/nutrition-healthy-term-infants-recommendations-birth-six-months/6-24-months.html
National Institutes of Health-Office of Dietary Supplements – Iron Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. 2023. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iron-HealthProfessional/
Public Health Agency of Canada. Prevalence of Chronic Diseases Among Canadian Adults. 2019.
November, 2023.